Hypodermic syringe



Feb, 13, 1945. E. M. LEWIS HYPODERMIC SYRINGE Filed July 18, 1944 easily and readily drawn into sired.

Patented Feb. 13, 1945 i V2,369,304 t FFICE N.

i 2,369,304"` y i nYroDERii/no srRINoE` Everett Marion Lewis, frulsapkla. l l p Application July 1c, 1944, seria1N0. 546,voe s claims. (o1. 1128;-215) This invention relates to ahypodermic syringe which may be employed Vin administering sub-t cutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous `treatments, or it may be employed infcollecting blood t `for chemical tests or for `microscopical examina- `and in transmitting blood from a donor to a recipient in blood transfusion. i The primary object of the invention is to provide a hypodermic syringe which will facilitate the collecting of blood for various chemical tests and for microscopical examinations and a hypodermic `syringe which will valso facilitate the Ycollecting of blood from a donor and the `expeditious transmitting of blood from a donor Qtota recipient in blood transfusion. H

Another object of the invention is to provide a syringe of this character embodying a mechai nism the component parts` of which are so constructed, arranged and assembled that a relative ly high vacuum may be produced within the tions and it may also be employed in collecting 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional View on line Figure ais a transverse sectional View online 4wd of Figure 2. i

Figure 5 is atransverse sectional view of thev base or distal end portion of a blood transfusion apparatus illustratingr `therein a sectionalview of the recessed threaded distal end of the barrel of the syringe in place in the threaded. socket of the said base or distal end portion.

Like characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout the various views in the drawing.

The syringe herein illustrated, comprisesbarrel` l `which isof oblong octagonal form externally Y and of cylindrical form internally, made of metal chamber or cavity of the syringe and may be re-` tained therein for a reasonable length o f time or immediately employed as a suction means wherel by the collecting of blood is facilitated and whereby various iiuids and liquids may be more the chamber o1' cavity of the syringe. i i v A still further object ofthe invention is to pro- `vide the syringe with `a detachabletip or distal or of glass ora combination of metal and glass,`

`which has formed at the proximal end thereof an enlargement 2 provided with sockets 3 and 4 into which 'are fitted pawls 5 and 6, the said pawis are madeof steel andare of V type spring formation, they are held in place-at their base i by suitable set screws and their upper or distal end portion is retained in place by suitable meend portion so constructed that the barrelof the syringe together with the mechanism and fittings thereof may be disconnected fromithe said tip'or distal end portion and employed interchangeably with a suitable base or distal end portion in collecting and in transmittingr blood from a` donor to arecipient in blood transfusion.

t With these and 'other objects in viewithe in-` vention resides in the novel combination and l arrangement of parts which will be hereinafter `described and particularly pointedoutin `the Thepreferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated in the accompanying drawing, although no restriction is necessarily made `tothe precise details of construction therein shown,` as l changes, alterations and modifications within the scope of the claims may be resorted to when de- In the drawingi Figure l is avertical view of a syringe con-` structed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 21s a vertical longitudinal sectional Aview through the syringe.

tallic lids (not shown inthe drawing) pressed into sockets 3 and`4, The aforesaid sockets cornmunicate laterally with longitudinally extending `'channels or grooves l and 8 in which are received longitudinally slidable metallic ratchet shafts 8 and i9, the ratchetsof which cooperate and en- `gage with pawls 5 and 6 and serveinlatching the said ratchet shafts at definite points along their `travel coursewithin the channelsror grooves `l and 8. "Ratchet shafts 9 and I0 are provided l with ratchets unilaterally thereof extending the greater portion of the length of the said `shafts and correspond innumber with the cubic cen- ,timeter capacity of the syringe.

' ment with pawls Sand 6.

ends `or stock portion of the aforesaid ratchet shafts are provided with gear wheels Il `and I2 jattached thereto, which mesh and cooperate with gear Awheel I3v and serve in rotating the said ratchet shafts and thereby serve in rotatingthe ratchete of thesaid shafts in or out of engage- Gear wheel I3 is proi vided with a shaft I4 attached to the upper side thereof, `the proximal end` of the said shaft is threaded to accommodate the threaded connection` means of knob or handle l5 hereinafter described. The aforesaid gear wheels are conn tained within housing I6, which'is of oblong, l form, made of metal, and comprises a base, two

lateral and two end walls and a cover therefor.

hThel base of the said housing is provided with three openings two of` which accommodate the The proximal passage and operation of ratchet shafts 9 and I0, While the third or median opening accommodates the passage of the shaft of'piston I'I. In the internal median portion of the ,base of housing I6 there is provided a threaded socket I8, into which is fitted knob I9 of piston I'I which is held in place by threaded plate 29 provided therefor. The cover of the aforesaid housing is provided with a median opening to accommodate the passage and operation of shaft I4 of gear wheel I3, the said cover is held in place by screws 2 I Knob or handle I5 is provided with threaded socket 22 which accommodates the threaded connection means of shaft `I4 of gear wheel I3, the said knob or handle is employed in rotating .gear wheel I3 and thereby gear wheels II and I2 in mesh therewith, either in a clockwise or counterclockwise manner; thus ratchet shafts `9 and I9 attached to gear wheels I I and I2 may be rotated and the ratchets thereof rotated in or out of engagement with pawls; 5 and B.

Piston I'I is of cylindrical form, made of metal orof glass,l and has formed at the proximal end thereof knob I 9, which is adapted to t threaded socket I8 of housing I6` The shaft of the said piston is adapted to lit the cylindrically formed internal portionv of barrel i Barrel I has formed about the distal end there- `of a, recessed threaded portion 23 which accommodates the threaded connection means of the detachable tip or distal yend portion 24 of the syringe and the threaded 'connection means 25 vof detachable base or distal end portion 26 ofV a blood transfusion apparatus.; thus barrel I ofthe syringeis adapted toy beemployedinterchange tion means of recessed threaded portion 23 of barrel I. The said detachable tip or distal end portion is provided with longitudinally extending channel 28 through which fluids, liquids or gases may pass into or out of the chamber or cavity of the syringe; the `said tip is provided with valve socket 29 into which is tted valve 39, held in place bya suitable screw (not shown in the drawing).` Valve 30 serves as a means whereby the longitudinally extending channel 28 may bel openedyk or closed to the passage of fluids, liquids orl gases into or out of the chamber orcavity of the syringe. In the distal end of the detachable tip or distal end portion 24 there is provided threaded socket 3| which accommodates threaded connection means of tubular syringe adapter 32, the said tubular syringe adapter is provided with threaded connection means abo-ut the proximal end o f vthe adapterv is formed to t thev hub of needle 33.

In assembling the syringe, tubular syringe adapter 32 is screwed into threaded socket 3| in the` detachable tipn or distal end portion 24, needle 3,3v is then attached to the distal end of the said tubular syringe adapter, valve3 0 isv -fitted into valve socket 29 where it is` held in place by a suitable screw (not shown in the drawing-) The .assembled detachable tip or distal end portion 24 is then screwed in place on recessed threaded portion 23 'of barrel I where vit isin position for use.

The shaft of piston I'I is then passed through opening in the median portion of the base of housing I6 to a point where knob I9 thereof becomes fully engaged in threaded socket I8 in the' base of the said housing, where it is held in place by screwing threaded plate 20 into the said socket. Ratchet shafts 9 and I0 are passed through their respective openings in the base of housing I6 to a point where gear wheels -I| and I2 attached to the proximal ends of the said shafts are in position to `mesh with gear wheel I3. Gear wheel I3 is then placed in mesh with gear wheels II and I2 and the attached shaft I4 of gear wheel I3 is passed through the u opening in the median portion of cover of housing I6 the said cover is then attached in place by screws 2|. Knob or handle|5 is screwed into place on the end of shaftl4. Ratchetshafts 9 and ID together with piston I'I are then passed into their respective openings in barrel I. Thus the syringe is assembled ready for use. l

When it .is found desirable to collect blood for chemical testsor for microscopical examination, knob or handle I5 is turned clockwise to a point where the` ratchets of ratchet shafts 9 and Ill `are rotated out of position of engagement with pawls 5 and 5. Piston II together with ratchet shafts 9 and I9 are then inserted into their respective openings in barrel I the distance of their full travel course, knob. or handle I5 is turned counterclockwise to a point where the ratchets of ratchet shafts 9 and I0 are rotated into position of engagement with pawls 5 and 6, valve 30 is closed, piston I'I together with ratchet shafts 9 and I0 are-then retracted by pulling backon housing4 I6 to a point where the desired vacuum is produced Within the chamber or cavity of thesyringe and tol apoint where` the ratchets of ratchet shafts 9 and III are engaged with pawls 5 and 6. When the. desired vacuum is thus produced, needle 33 isinserted into a vein, valve 30 is then opened at which time the'vacuum within the chamber lor cavity of the syringe becomes rapidly filled with 'portion 23l of the said barrel is then screwed into threadedfconnection means 25 of detachable base or distal end portion 26 of a blood transfusion apparatus, the three-way valve 34 in detachable base or distal end portion 26 being closed. A

vacuum may then be produced within the chamber or cavity of the syringe in the same manner asheretofore'described and blood for transfusion may be collected in the same manner as heretofore described for the collecting of blood,V for other purposes,` except in the latter instance the blood enters the chamber or cavityl of the syringe through needle and adapter-attached to flexible tubing (not shown inthe drawing), connected to threaded nipple 35, To transmit the blood so collected to a recipient in yblood transfusion, three-way valve 34 is turned to close the induction channel and to open the yeduction channel `of thev detachable base ordistal end portion 26. Knob or handle I5 isturned clockwise to a point where thevratchets of ratchetshafts 9 and I0 are rotated out of engagement withpawls 5 and B.

Slight downward pressure is then applied on housing I6 producing a downward movement 0f piston I1 causing the blood contained within the chamber or cavity of the syringe to flow freely into the vein of the recipient through a tube and needle (not shown in the drawing), attached to the opposite side of `detachablebase or distal end `portion 26.

When the syringe is assembled as heretofore described and as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing, itis suitably adapted to be employed in collecting blood for various chemical tests or for microscopical examinations and due to the vacuum retaining and controlling means of the syringe it is also suitably adapted for easily and` rapidly drawing various fluids and liquids into the f Fluids or liquids chamber or cavity thereof. drawn into the chamber or cavity of the syringe may be retained therein or the ilowtherjeof regulated or controlled by operating valve 30 of the detachable tip or distal end portion 24.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, it is at once apparent that a syringe for the purpose set forth has been provided which will be `highly efficient in use.

This application is a continuation in part of application, Serial No. 375,637, filed January 23,

Having described the inventionwhat is .claimed as new is:

l. A hypodermic syringe having means for retaining and controlling a vacuum, comprising a barrel, a piston longitudinally slidable within the said barrel, a housing disposed about and outwardy beyondone endof the piston, a cover for l the housing and means for attaching the cover to the housing, means for attaching the housing l to the piston, cooperating lateral and median rotary gear members within the housing, ratchet shafts attached to the under surface of the two lateral rotary gear members within the housing and extending downwardly and outwardly therefrom through the base of the housing and parallel with the piston for the greater portion of i the length of theipiston, a shaft attached to the upper surface of the median rotary gear member within the housing and extending outwardly therefrom through the cover of the housing, a

handle detachably attached to the said outwardly extending shaft external to the housing for rotating the median rotary gear member and for rotating the two lateral rotary gear members together with the ratchet shafts attached thereto., channels in the` barrel extending longitudinally the greater portion of the length of the barrel to accommodate the operation of the ratchet shafts longitudinally slidable therewithin, sockets in the barrel communicating with the said longitudinal channels and with the ratchet shafts therein, pawls mounted in the said sockets communicating and cooperating with the ratchets of the ratchet shafts within the aforesaid channels, a valve tip having a channel centrally and longitudinally thereof, means in the said tip for opening and closing` the longitudinally extending channel therethrough, a socket in the distal end of the said valve tip and means in the socket for connecting a syringe adapter therewith.

2. A hypodermic syringe having means for retaining and controlling a vacuum, comprising a said channels, a latching means in the said sock.

ets communicating and engaging with the ratchetsof the ratchet shafts fo-r`latching the shafts at denitevpoints along their travel course-within the aforesaid channels, a valve tip having a longitudinally extending channel therethrough cornmunicating with thechamber of the barrel,

means in the said tip for opening and closing the channel thereof, a socket in the distalend of the valve tip and means in the socket for connecting a syringe adapter therewith for the detachable attachment of a hypodermic needle.

3. A hypodermic syringe having an induction and eduction channel for the induction and eduction of fluids and liquids into and out of the chamber of the syringeya valve for opening and closing the said channel, a socket in the distal end portion and means in socket for connecting a syringe adapter therewith, a hollow barrel, a piston longitudinally slidable within the said barrel, channels `in the walls of the hollowbarrel extending longitudinally the greater portion of' the length of the barrel, ratchet shafts longitudinally slidable within the said channels, a

` housing mounted about the proximalend of the piston and means in the housing for holding the said ratchet shafts Iin parallel position with regard to the piston, a latching `means in the walls of the hollow barrel communicating with the 1on` gitudinally extending channels therein and with the ratchets of the ratchet shafts longitudinally slidable Within the said channels, means for n latching the ratchet shafts at definite points along their travel course within the longitudinally extending channels in the barrel and means for rotating the ratchet shafts in orout of engagement with the latching means in the barrel.

EVERETT MARION LEWIS, 

